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- In Egyptian history, the Upper and Lower Egypt period (also known as the Two Lands) was the final stage of prehistoric Egypt and directly preceded the nation's unification. The conception of Egypt as the Two Lands was an example of the dualism in ancient Egyptian culture and appeared frequently in texts and imagery, including in the titles of Egyptian pharaohs.
All cities of the country, with the exception of those near the coast, lie along those parts, because the rest of the country is largely desert. Egypt has a population of of approximately 92.4 million inhabitants (in 2017). Spoken language are modern Standard Arabic, colloquial language is the Egyptian-Arabic dialect. Capital city of Egypt is Cairo.
Some historical cities we find in ancient Egypt are Memphis which is near Nile Delta and was the capital of the Old Kingdom. Thebes is at the bend of the river, here was the capital of the New Kingdom. Giza is the 3rd largest city located at the west of the Nile holding the Sphynx and the great pyramid of Giza.
Valley of the kings located at the west of the Nile has rock tombs for pharaohs and nobles of the New Kingdom. Abu Simbel in Nubia has temples in monument of the late pharaoh Ramses II and his wife Nefertiti.
Kannah and Luxor hold the ruins of the temples and tombs of the west Bank
Necropolis including Valley of the Kings and Queens. Oeir-el-Bahri at the Necropolis of Thebes holds the
funerary temple of King Amenhotep II and the temple of Queen Hatshepsut.